The Allium – If you have ever seen chives blooming you may have been surprised to find that the plant is as ornamental as it is useful in the kitchen. Most gardeners do not realize that many members of the onion family produce flowers pretty enough to grow in gardens. There is a very diverse group, with flower clusters in many sizes, shapes, and colors and blooming times range from spring to summer to fall.
The one thing they have in common is an onion smell. When the foliage is rubbed or stepped on. But this does not happen often enough to offend. And some flowers are sweetly fragrant. Most of them make fine, long-lasting cut flowers, and some dry well for winter arrangements.
A wonderful Allium to try is Allium giganteum “giant garlic”. In early summer it sends up long stalks about 4 feet tall, topped with 5-inch balls, perfectly round, made up of tiny purple flowers. But the time they bloom there is little or no foliage around the stems. So grow them together with lower, bushy plants or behind a low wall. If you like big, round purple flowers, you will really love A. albopilosum “A. christophii” commonly called “star of Persia”. Its flower cluster is looser than that of A. giganteum and up to a foot in diameter, with star-shaped flowers in late spring. Stems are shorter, about 2 feet.
A.aflatunense has 4 inch purple balls in May and grows to 2 feet or a bit more. Other handsome spring alliums include A. moly “golden garlic”, with flatter clusters of yellow flowers, about a foot tall, and A. neapolitanum “daffodil garlic”, which is roughly the same height and bears fragrant white flowers in April. For late summer bloom, A. tuberosum “Chinese chives or garlic chives”, which has white, fragrant flower clusters. For fall try A. stellatum or A. thunbergii, both short-stemmed and pink flowering. Most alliums are hardy to Zone 4, A. neapolitanum is hardy to Zone 6.
Moreover, if you want to grow Allium then this plant is like full sun, though A. giganteum will do fine in part shade. Soil can be of average fertility, but it should be lightened with organic matter and moist but well-drained. They can be planted in spring or fall. From bulbs or from seed through seed-grown plants may take a long time to reach flowering size. Plant the short ones about 4 inches apart, the tall ones 8 inches to a foot apart.
A few things are very important to watch for; some alliums should be deadheaded to prevent them from self-sowing all over the place. They also propagate themselves by forming little bulblets on the sides of the bulbs. By which you can increase your stock if you so desire. A friend of mine cautions me that his A. giganteum did not produce flowers in the second year.
Because its energy had gone into producing the bullets, although by the third year the bulblets were large enough to flower. So if your allium gives you foliage but no flowers, be patient; it may perform better in the future. Also, note that many spring-flowering species are summer dormant, so don’t be alarmed when the foliage disappears.
